廈門大學(xué)考博英語真題（一）

考博英語真題是最佳復(fù)習(xí)資料，是考博學(xué)子常用資料，真題可以快速有效抓住考試的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。希賽網(wǎng)考博英語為廣大考生搜集整理了廈門大學(xué)博士研究生入學(xué)考試英語真題，正在備考的考生快看過來吧。希賽網(wǎng)考博英語真題持續(xù)更新中，請(qǐng)關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)考博英語頻道。

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese．

1．The Single long a stock figure in stories, songs and personal ads. was traditionally someone at the margins of society: a figure of fun. pity or awe. In the place of withered spinsters and bachelors are people like Elizabeth de Kergorlay, a 29-year-old Parisian banker who views her independence and her own apartment as the spoils of professional success．

As the sages would say, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age. 2. This isn't the stuff of gloomy philosophical meditations, but a fact of Europe's new economic landscape, embraced by demographers, real-estate developers and ad executives alike. 3. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyles, observes French sociologist, lean Claude Kaufmanns, is part of the “irresistible momentum of individualism” over the last century. 4. The communications revolution, the shiftfrom a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have wreaked havoc on Europeans' private lives. More andmore of them are remaining on their own: they're living longer, divorcing more and marrying later—if at all. British marriage rates are the lowest in 160 years of records. INSEE, France's National Institute of Statistics, reports that the number of French people living alone doubled between 1968 and 1990．

Europe's new economic climate has largely fostered the trend toward independence. 5. The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europe's shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American-style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, today's tech-savvy workers have embraced a free market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so. A recent poll by the Institute Francois dominion Publique, the Frech affiliate of the Gallup poll, found that 58 percent of French respondents viewed living alone as a choice, not an obligation. Other European singles agree. “I've always wanted to be free to go on adventures,” says Iris Expender, who lives by herself in Berlin．

KEY

1．小說、歌曲和廣告中常有的單身角色往往都是那些生活在社會(huì)邊緣的人：他們或令人發(fā)笑，或令人同情，或令人敬畏。

2．這不是悲觀哲學(xué)研究的素材，而是人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家、房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商、廣告經(jīng)營(yíng)者這些人所體會(huì)到的歐洲新經(jīng)濟(jì)前景的事實(shí)。

3．法國(guó)社會(huì)學(xué)家lean-Claude Kaufmanns認(rèn)為，從家庭生活模式到單身生活模式的轉(zhuǎn)變，是上個(gè)世紀(jì)“個(gè)人主義”的不可抵擋的推動(dòng)因素之一。

4．通迅革命，商業(yè)文化從穩(wěn)定性到流動(dòng)性的轉(zhuǎn)變，以及女性進(jìn)入勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)等等這些給歐洲人的私人生活帶來了嚴(yán)重的破壞。

5．現(xiàn)在的獨(dú)身一代是在歐洲從社會(huì)民主主義向更激進(jìn)更具個(gè)人主義思潮的美國(guó)式資本主義轉(zhuǎn)變的過渡時(shí)期出現(xiàn)的。成長(zhǎng)于私有化和消費(fèi)選擇日益增長(zhǎng)時(shí)代的精通技術(shù)的現(xiàn)代工人們擁有著戀愛和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的自由市場(chǎng)。