?2021年10月自考00015英語(yǔ)二串講筆記(2)

英語(yǔ)(二)的自考代碼為00015，下文是希賽網(wǎng)整理的2021年10月自考00015英語(yǔ)二串講筆記(2)，如果對(duì)自考英語(yǔ)(二)的真題有需要的考生，可以點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入【00015-英語(yǔ)(二)】下載歷年真題。

2021年10月自考00015英語(yǔ)二串講筆記(2)

第七題：英譯漢

主要特點(diǎn)：綜合考查詞匯和語(yǔ)法，注意定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、比較級(jí)、倒裝句的理解。

閱卷要求：根據(jù)總體印象打分，分為15-13分，12-10分，9-7分，6-4分，3-1分五個(gè)檔次。只要譯文大體準(zhǔn)確通順即可得分，不要求譯得非常漂亮。

結(jié)語(yǔ)

知己知彼，百戰(zhàn)不殆!

II.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

虛擬語(yǔ)氣

定語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句

1.動(dòng)詞主要時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)表

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)

主動(dòng)：do did will do

被動(dòng)：are done were done will be done

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)

主動(dòng)：are doing were doing will be doing

被動(dòng)：are being done were being done

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)將來(lái)完成時(shí)

主動(dòng)：have done had done will have done

被動(dòng)：have been done had been done

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

主動(dòng)：have been doing

動(dòng)詞主要時(shí)態(tài)的意義及運(yùn)用

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)和將來(lái)完成時(shí)

英語(yǔ)提示語(yǔ)：up to now，so far，for three years，since 1995，over past ten years，by the end of this week，by the year of 1995

漢語(yǔ)提示語(yǔ)：已經(jīng)，早已，了

e.g.We haven‘t met each other since last year.

By the end of this week，we‘ll have finished the task.

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，沒(méi)有間斷。

漢語(yǔ)提示語(yǔ)：一直

e.g.The water has been running the whole night.

過(guò)去完成時(shí)

said，reported，thought

等引導(dǎo)的間接引語(yǔ)中。

e.g.He missed the train.He said he had missed the train.

2)hardly…when，no sooner…than

e.g.No sooner had he got up than he received the call.

3)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中

e.g If I had tried harder，I would have won.

I wish I had done better in the exam.

歷年考題中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

1.So far，Irving ___(live)in New York City for ten years.(has been lived)

2.The patient ___(send)to another hospital before we got there.(had been sent)

3.The second half of the nineteenth century ___(witness)the first extended translation into English of the writings of Eliphas Levi.(witnessed)

2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

動(dòng)詞主要時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)一覽表

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式意義

現(xiàn)在分詞

一般式doing主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行

被動(dòng)式being done被動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行

完成主動(dòng)式having done主動(dòng)，已經(jīng)完成

完成被動(dòng)式having been done被動(dòng)，已經(jīng)完成

過(guò)去分詞done被動(dòng)，已經(jīng)完成

動(dòng)詞不定式

一般式to do主動(dòng)，將要進(jìn)行

被動(dòng)式to be done被動(dòng)，將要進(jìn)行

完成主動(dòng)式to have done主動(dòng)，已經(jīng)完成

進(jìn)行主動(dòng)式to be doing主動(dòng)，正在進(jìn)行

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞不定式：1)目的狀語(yǔ);2)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)

e.g.I came here to meet you.(目的)

He hurried to the rail station only to miss the train.(結(jié)果)

分詞：1)伴隨狀語(yǔ);2)原因狀語(yǔ);3)條件狀語(yǔ)4)讓步狀語(yǔ);5)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

e.g.Walking along the street，he met his old friend.(時(shí)間)

Being very tired，my father didn‘t go out with us.(原因)

Made by hand，the silk shirt is very expensive.(原因)

Seen from the space，the earth looks like a blue ball.(條件)

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，狀語(yǔ)從句和獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)

Having done their homework，the children began to play.(分詞作狀語(yǔ))

After having done their homework，the children began to play.(連詞+分詞)

After they had done their homework，the children began to play.(狀語(yǔ)從句)

With homework done，the children began to play.(獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu))

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)

If there is no choice，there is no decision ___(make)。(to be made)

Do you know the man ____(stand)in front of the house?(standing)

The question ____(discuss)at the moment is very important.(being discussed)

The pidge ____(build)in the 1950s is still in good condition.(built)

動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)詞不定式

作主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)

動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)表示一般、抽象的情況;動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)作主語(yǔ)表示具體某次的情況。

e.g Rising early is good for health.

To rise early tomorrow is difficult for me.

It is difficult for me to rise early tomorrow.

My biggest wish is to go apoad.

Seeing is believing.

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