管理類(lèi)聯(lián)考考研英語(yǔ)二外刊選讀（14）

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Carmaking: Great wheels from China

題材：經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)

出處：The Economist《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》

字?jǐn)?shù)：677 words

[1] If fresh evidence were needed of the importance of China to the global car industry, the Shanghai motor show, which opened on April 18th, provides it. The world’s other big jamborees have been permanently cancelled or downgraded, but China’s showcase has attracted 1,000 exhibitors from many countries with 100 new models on show.

【如果需要新的證據(jù)來(lái)證明中國(guó)對(duì)全球汽車(chē)行業(yè)的重要性，4月18日開(kāi)幕的上海車(chē)展就提供了這一證據(jù)。世界上其他大型車(chē)展已經(jīng)被永久取消或降級(jí)，但中國(guó)的車(chē)展已經(jīng)吸引了來(lái)自多個(gè)國(guó)家的1000家參展商，展出了100款新車(chē)型?！?/p>

【重點(diǎn)詞匯】

jamboree /?d??mb??ri?/ n. 大型聚會(huì)

permanently /?p??m?n?ntli/ adv. 永久地

downgrade /?da?n?ɡre?d/ v. 使降級(jí)

[2] Only a few years ago Chinese cars were poorly designed and shoddily put together. Today they are mostly as good as foreign ones in both respects, and surpass them in the software-driven digital experience that will define car brands in the future. Yet for the world as a whole, the rise of Chinese cars will be more significant still. To curb global warming, it is essential to replace carbon-spewing petrol-powered vehicles with cleaner battery-powered ones. And China is both the world’s biggest market for, and maker of, electric vehicles (EVs).

【就在幾年前，中國(guó)汽車(chē)的設(shè)計(jì)還很糟糕，組裝也很粗糙。如今，它們?cè)谶@兩方面都與外國(guó)汽車(chē)一樣好，并在軟件驅(qū)動(dòng)的數(shù)字體驗(yàn)方面超過(guò)了它們，這將定義未來(lái)的汽車(chē)品牌。然而，對(duì)于整個(gè)世界來(lái)說(shuō)，中國(guó)汽車(chē)的崛起將更加重要。為了遏制全球變暖，用更清潔的電池驅(qū)動(dòng)汽車(chē)取代排放碳的汽油驅(qū)動(dòng)汽車(chē)至關(guān)重要。中國(guó)既是世界上最大的電動(dòng)汽車(chē)市場(chǎng)，也是電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的制造商?！?/p>

【重點(diǎn)詞匯】

shoddily /???d?li/ adv. 粗制濫造地

surpass /s??pɑ?s/ v. 超過(guò)

curb /k??b/ v. 遏制

carbon-spewing /?kɑ?b?n/ /spju??? / 碳排放

petrol-powered /?petr?l/ /?pa??d/ 汽油驅(qū)動(dòng)

battery-powered /?b?tri//?pa??d/ 電池驅(qū)動(dòng)

【長(zhǎng)難句分析】

Today they are mostly as good as foreign ones in both respects, and surpass them in the software-driven digital experience that will define car brands in the future.

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】

主句：Today they are mostly as good as foreign ones in both respects

并列句：and surpass them in the software-driven digital experience

定語(yǔ)從句：that will define car brands in the future

[3] Vehicles powered by internal combustion have been a great success story over the past century, bringing mobility to the masses and fat profits to shareholders. A handful of giant carmakers have made steady improvements to their products and assembled ever more complex supply chains spread across the globe. This has brought greater comfort and safety to passengers, as well as low prices. Competition from Japanese carmakers (which roared into the fast lane in the 1970s) and South Korean firms (which did so in the 1990s) spurred innovation worldwide.

【在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里，內(nèi)燃機(jī)汽車(chē)取得了巨大的成功，為大眾帶來(lái)了機(jī)動(dòng)性，為股東帶來(lái)了豐厚的利潤(rùn)。少數(shù)幾家大型汽車(chē)制造商對(duì)其產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)步改進(jìn)，并在全球范圍內(nèi)組裝了越來(lái)越復(fù)雜的供應(yīng)鏈。這給乘客帶來(lái)了更大的舒適度和安全性，同時(shí)價(jià)格也很低。來(lái)自日本汽車(chē)制造商(20世紀(jì)70年代進(jìn)入快車(chē)道)和韓國(guó)公司(20世紀(jì)90年代進(jìn)入快車(chē)道)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)刺激了全球的創(chuàng)新?！?/p>

【重點(diǎn)詞匯】

internal /?n?t??n(?)l/ adj. 內(nèi)部的

combustion /k?m?b?st??n/ n. 燃燒

steady /?stedi/ adj.(發(fā)展、增長(zhǎng)等)穩(wěn)步的

assemble /??semb(?)l/ v. 組裝

spur /sp??(r)/ v. 刺激

[4] Today the industry, with nearly $3trn in annual global revenues, is experiencing its most radical upheaval yet. Established carmakers are scrambling to electrify, improve their software and prepare for autonomous driving.

【如今，這個(gè)全球年收入近3萬(wàn)億美元的行業(yè)正在經(jīng)歷迄今為止最劇烈的動(dòng)蕩。老牌汽車(chē)制造商正爭(zhēng)先恐后地實(shí)現(xiàn)電動(dòng)化，改進(jìn)軟件，為自動(dòng)駕駛做準(zhǔn)備?！?/p>

【重點(diǎn)詞匯】

radical /?r?d?k(?)l/ adj. 激進(jìn)的

upheaval /?p?hi?v(?)l/ n. 動(dòng)蕩

scramble /?skr?mb(?)l/ v. 爭(zhēng)搶

[5] The disruption is in part a result of Tesla’s success, both as a maker of EVs and as a firm that puts technology at the heart of its business. But it is also caused by greater competition in China, where local firms, supported by state subsidies, are winning market share from Western rivals. BYD and Changan, the country’s two biggest homegrown firms, now have a domestic market share of 18%, and sell around 4m cars a year. China’s carmakers are especially innovative when it comes to infotainment and the seamless integration of smartphones. A healthy head start and huge scale, meanwhile, have helped BYD become a leader in EVs at the cheap end of the market. All told, the competition is leaving Japanese firms, once leaders, in the dust.

【這一中斷在一定程度上是特斯拉成功的結(jié)果，無(wú)論是作為電動(dòng)汽車(chē)制造商，還是作為一家將技術(shù)置于業(yè)務(wù)核心的公司。但這也是由中國(guó)更大的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)造成的，在中國(guó)，當(dāng)?shù)毓驹趪?guó)家補(bǔ)貼的支持下，正在從西方競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手那里贏(yíng)得市場(chǎng)份額。比亞迪和長(zhǎng)安是中國(guó)最大的兩家本土公司，目前在國(guó)內(nèi)的市場(chǎng)份額為18%，每年銷(xiāo)售約400萬(wàn)輛汽車(chē)。在信息娛樂(lè)和智能手機(jī)的無(wú)縫集成方面，中國(guó)的汽車(chē)制造商尤其具有創(chuàng)新性。與此同時(shí)，良好的領(lǐng)先優(yōu)勢(shì)和巨大的規(guī)模幫助比亞迪在廉價(jià)市場(chǎng)成為電動(dòng)汽車(chē)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者?？偟膩?lái)說(shuō)，這場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)正在讓曾經(jīng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者日本公司灰飛煙滅?！?/p>

【重點(diǎn)詞匯】

disruption /d?s?r?p?n/ n. 中斷

subsidy /?s?bs?di/ n. 補(bǔ)貼

homegrown /?h??m?ɡr??n/ adj. 本國(guó)產(chǎn)的

domestic /d??mest?k/ n. 國(guó)內(nèi)的

infotainment /??nf???te?nm?nt/ n. 資訊娛樂(lè)節(jié)目

seamless /?si?ml?s/ adj. 無(wú)縫的

[6] The world’s drivers stand to gain from cheaper and greener cars. But can the race for market dominance continue? China’s emergence as an EV superpower is taking place just as the geopolitical climate worsens, and protectionism is finding greater favour in the West.

【世界上的司機(jī)將從更便宜、更環(huán)保的汽車(chē)中獲益。但爭(zhēng)奪市場(chǎng)支配地位的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能否繼續(xù)?中國(guó)成為電動(dòng)汽車(chē)超級(jí)大國(guó)之際，地緣政治氣候正在惡化，貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義在西方越來(lái)越受歡迎?！?/p>

【重點(diǎn)詞匯】

emergence /??m??d??ns/ n. 興起

geopolitical /?d?i???p??l?t?kl/ adj. 地緣政治學(xué)的

protectionism /pr??tek??n?z?m/ n. 貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義

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